Guidance on the Application of the Ecosystem Approach to Management of Human Activities in the European Marine Environment

This report is an input to the development of the European Marine Strategy (EMS). It was written by a core group established jointly by ICES and the European Commission and has been subject to wide stakeholder consultation in one of the working groups set up to support the development of the EMS process – the Working Group on Ecosystem Approach to human activities (EAM). The  report  is  directed  at  the  Governments  of  countries  participating  in  the  Marine  Strategy,  including Member States as well as non-EU countries bordering the regional seas shared with the Community. The audience is also the European Commission and the Marine Conventions responsible  for  conservation  and  protection  of  the marine  environment,  and  the  scientific  community.