ICES Report on Ocean Climate 2016

Long time-series of ocean properties are rare in the surfaceocean and even rarer in the deep ocean. The NorthAtlantic region is unusual in having a relatively largenumber of locations at which oceanographic data havebeen collected repeatedly for many years or decades; the longest records go back more than a century.

These valuable data are collated in ICES Report on Ocean Climate (IROC) to provide the very latest information from ICES areas of the North Atlantic and Nordic seas. At locations where the ocean is regularly measured, sea temperature and salinity status are described for 2016. Observed trends over the past decade, and longer where possible, are also included.